Showing posts with label Bertelsmann. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Bertelsmann. Show all posts

Monday, November 05, 2012

MediaWeek (Vol 5, No 45): Flatworld Knowledge, McGraw Education, Conde Nast + More

Things were so bad last week, I actually read a paper newspaper, maybe things can get back to normal this week.

Hoboken from the storm (WaPo)

Education textbook trailblazer Flatworld Knowledge is changing their business model to paid rather than free content (IHE):
As usage of Flat World’s materials increased (the company’s latest promotional materials assert that the texts are being used in more than 4,000 classrooms at 2,000 institutions), the company became a darling of supporters of open educational resources and critics of high textbook prices. A 2010 report commissioned by the Student PIRGs, for instance, heralded open textbooks as “the path to textbook affordability.”

But that’s only true if the providers of open textbooks can make their materials available sustainably, and the shift in gears by Flat World Knowledge suggests that, for one company at least, providing free and open textbooks is not a viable business plan. While company officials hoped that they’d be able to persuade many of the consumers of the basic, free versions of its textbooks to pay for printed copies or versions enhanced with study aids and other add-ons, “we don’t convert [from free to paid] as much as we used to,” said Shelstad, the Flat World co-founder.

Economic viability is not the only reason Flat World is dumping the free model, Shelstad said. So is fairness. Some of the company’s 15 current institutional partners pay a $20-$25 licensing fee for every student whose use of the materials they subsidize, and others pay less. Raising the minimum price for use of the materials to $19.95 (the company’s tab for its Study Pass product, which includes the full online textbook, note-taking, highlighting and study aids) is fairer and still affordable for students, Shelstad said.
McGraw Hill sees lower results in advance of their Education sell-off (FT):
Several analysts had expected a decision in mid-to-late October over the future of McGraw-Hill Education, which competes in the school and higher education market with Pearson, owner of the Financial Times.

Terry McGraw, chairman and chief executive, told analysts that he would have news on the plans for the education division “in the coming weeks and hopefully sooner”.

“Critical to this decision is ensuring that we choose the option that maximises shareholder value,” he said.

Operating profit at McGraw-Hill Education fell 20 per cent, or 15 per cent when costs of the group’s restructuring programme are excluded. Most of the decline stemmed from weak US state and local spending on schools.

Revenues in McGraw’s school education group fell 16 per cent, while professional, higher education and international revenues slipped 6 per cent. About a third of the fall was because of revenues being deferred as the business moves from publishing textbooks to selling more digital subscriptions.
Also from the FT a look at Bertelsmann's Thomas Rabe (FT):
Mr Rabe thinks he is. Although low key – he wears sober dark suits and drives a Mini – he has a self-assurance that has driven some colleagues to distraction. One reason his predecessor Hartmut Ostrowski quit as chief executive late last year, according to people familiar with events, was that he “was tired of having someone by his side who always signalled he could do things better”.
How does Conde Nast see their future? (Folio):
“The post recessionary moment is really the introduction of alternative platforms that takes the pressure off of the print business, but doesn’t replace the print business,” he said. “Our print business continues to grow post-recession, but this year is a miserable year. Not because of Condé Nast or any other media company, but because of the anemic U.S. economy—nobody can escape the problems the U.S. economy imposes on us.”

Townsend said Condé Nast’s Web business has grown at half the rate expected so far this year, by about 15 percent topline growth, and print has also been trending upward despite the current fiscal climate.

“Even in this worst moment that any of us can remember with the U.S. economy, the print business continues to grow and the margins are sharper—the growth profit margins are mouth watering,” he said. However, he added, with “net margins, we try to run at 10 percent [but] we’re going to fall short of that on the print side, but we are still an expanding business. When this economy recovers, and it must for all of us, the print business is going to be on fire.”

The print business model will now be complimented by a variety of assets, said Townsend, including, digital and mobile, among others. In November, the company will also announce that it is increasing rate-bases for several of its titles due to growing digital tablet circulation, which Townsend estimated to be around 1 million, or close to 10 percent of total circulation.
A long look at how Paul Reid undertook to finish William Manchester's biography of Churchill (Times):
In 1996, The Palm Beach Post assigned Paul Reid to cover the reunion of a group of veteran Marines from World War II that included William Manchester. Although Manchester was too ill to attend, Reid got along so well with the other Marines that in 1998 they invited him to join them on a trip to Manchester’s home in Middletown. Reid and Manchester bonded over their mutual love of military history and eventually became such close friends that Manchester revealed to Reid the trouble he was having finishing his Churchill biography.

Reid regularly traveled from Florida to visit Manchester in his home, always trying to raise his new friend’s sagging spirits. During one visit, on Oct. 9, 2003, the two men sat in Manchester’s bedroom drinking — whiskey in Manchester’s case, red wine in Reid’s — snacking on popcorn and watching the Boston Red Sox try to upset the New York Yankees for the American League pennant. Reid says he noticed Elmore Leonard’s novel “Maximum Bob” on the bed. After the game, Manchester asked Reid to retrieve a large suitcase from his study. It was a big room, more than 16 feet long, with an oversize desk taking up most of one wall; Yousuf Karsh’s famous photograph of Churchill and a picture of Jacqueline and John F. Kennedy autographed for Manchester by the first lady were on display. What Reid noticed most of all, though, were the empty wastebaskets, the still-sharp, unused pencils, the uncluttered desktop. The room was more like a museum exhibit than a working office.

In Reid’s telling, he brought the suitcase to Manchester, who had another whiskey and told him to have a seat. “I’d like you to finish the book,” he said. At first, Reid thought Manchester meant he wanted him to read aloud from “Maximum Bob,” much as Manchester himself had read “Huckleberry Finn” to an ailing, elderly Mencken years before.
UAE is providing all students with iPads (NYTimes);
The plan to offer iPads across the U.A.E.’s three main higher education institutions has been in the works for one year by government decree. With the support of the government, a team of specialists visited Apple’s headquarters in Cupertino, California, in April to form a partnership and agree on training services for teachers and students.

Apple then completed a feasibility study to determine that the campuses had the proper infrastructure for the project. They shipped 14,000 iPads to the country and asked faculty members for their opinions on which 20 free applications should be downloaded for student use.

Teachers were “panicky” before they realized how easy it would be to use the device, said Andrew Blackmore, curriculum supervisor at Zayed University. He added that educators were now working directly with Apple to develop their own apps and create their own reading material as e-books on iBooks Author. By reducing paper use and waste, the iPads also promote environmentally friendly values in a region where fast cars and massive shopping malls rely on low-cost energy without thinking twice.
Photos from the storm (Atlantic)

Saturday, March 31, 2012

MediaWeek (Vol 5, No14): Frontline Video on NI Hacking, Blackboard Thinking, Taking the SAT (again), Book Awards + more

Frontline on PBS has spent an hour looking at how the Murdoch/News International phone hacking scandal has evolved from the start.  As you watch this just remember that The Guardian did not get newspaper of the year in the UK this year.  (Frontline);


Watch Murdoch's Scandal on PBS. See more from FRONTLINE.

People are still digesting the news about Blackboard's acquisition of Moodle.  Here is an interesting view from Audrey Watters at Inside Higher Ed.  I happen to agree that LMS providers could gain access to very significant data that many in the education supply chain would find useful and worth paying for (IHEd):
But I think the value's elsewhere. Or rather the value is in the customer, but not in terms of licenses or sign-ups or enrollment numbers per se. I think the value's in the data:
What are students reading? What are they buying at the bookstore? What are they checking out of the library? How much time are they spending on course materials? How often do they interact with other students? What does that interaction entail? How often do they interact with faculty? What does that interaction entail? How do students respond to feedback? How's attendance? How are grades -- not just at the end of the term, but in an ongoing and real-time basis? What classes do students want to take? What classes should they take? What classes should the university offer? Can it build a recommendation engine to help make suggestions to students? What faculty should it hire? And what are those faculty doing?
These are the sorts of questions that big data promises to answer for universities, as well as (I'd hope) for leaners. That's both a frightening and a thrilling prospect, I think, when we consider its implications. But learning analytics is still a largely open field right now, I'd say, even though there are pockets of early incumbants: companies who've built adaptive engines, companies who hold massive amounts of user data, companies who sell products and services to universities/professors/students.

Ever think of taking the SAT over again? Me either, but Drew Magary at Deadspin thought he would give it a try and hilarity ensues.  Parents, this is what you are putting your kids through. (Deadspin)
I mean seriously, HOLY FUCK. My mind exploded when I looked at this. You may as well have asked me to climb Everest using a fork. It took me five minutes just to try to understand the QUESTION. Once I had figured it out, time was up. I finished most of the verbal sections of the test under the time allotted. I had no such luck with the math sections. Even when I got the question right, the mental strain it took to try and dig through the piles of shit-encrusted mildew in my brain to retrieve the information needed to solve any given equation was brutal. How do you divide fractions again? Don't you flip the top number and the bottom number or something? And what's the top number called? The Ruminator? The Kilometer? OH FUCK IT.
Many times, I had to skip a question because I couldn't figure out the answer, and then I got that paranoia that's unique to someone taking a standardized test. I became fearful that I had failed to skip over the question on my answer sheet. So every five seconds, I'd double-check my sheet to make sure I didn't fill out my answers in the wrong slots. One time I did this, and so I had to erase the answers and move them all forward. Only I had a shitty eraser, which failed to erase my mark and instead smeared the mark all over the rest of my sheet. FUCK YOU, TRICK ERASER. I HATE YOU.
This year's Booker came under fire for being too low brow and this post on a scifi award shows that complaining about book award efforts is alive and well, but that hasn't stopped the Observer from launching a new award program to name the best book from 1962.  Why? Well, just because it was 50 years ago which I don't need reminding (Observer).
The Observer is sponsoring a new annual prize to decide which book of ideas from the crop published 50 years ago has had the most lasting influence on society's thinking. So, taking the class of 1962, the Bristol festival's Best Book of Ideas prize will come from this shortlist of 10:
1) Another Country James Baldwin
2) Capitalism and Freedom Milton Friedman
3) A Clockwork Orange Anthony Burgess
4) Day (originally published as The Accident) Elie Wiesel
5) My Land and My People: The Original Autobiography of His Holiness the Dalai Lama of Tibet Dalai Lama XIV
6) The Other America Michael Harrington
7) Sex and the Single Girl Helen Gurley Brown
8) Silent Spring Rachel Carson
9) The Structure of Scientific Revolutions Thomas S Kuhn
10) Toward a Psychology of Being Abraham Harold Maslow
The winner, chosen by the festival board, will be announced on 21 May.
Speaking of which, Christopher Hitchens is one of 18 authors selected for the Orwell Prize for political writing.(Telegraph)

From Twitter:

Blackboard's Open Source Pivot | Inside Higher Ed: No one really knows what to make of it.

Presentation from BlackBoard User meeting on important trends impacting Higher Ed  

Great Potter round-up from Porter Anderson

Bertelsmann Weighs I.P.O. For Expansion

BBC News - Amazon boss Jeff Bezos 'finds Apollo 11 Moon engines' And they weren't in his warehouse.

UK Publishers Assoc Outraged It Wasn't Consulted Ahead Of The Public Over Open Access To Publicly-Funded Research

Monday, December 26, 2011

MediaWeek (Vol 4, No 52): Year in Review

Looks like I only missed three editions this year:

Week 51: ChromeBooks, Durrell eBooks, Hitchens & Dogs, Unbound & Vogue

Week 50: Khan Academy, Academic Libraries, Harvard Business School, Consumer Reports + More

Week 49: Revamping GED, HS Corporate Marketing, Book Blogging, Pretty Books + More

Week 48: Orwell on Police Actions, Dickens and Economist Book Festival + More

Week 47: Lobbying for On Line Learning, Loan Bubble + More

Week 46: WW I Archive Goes Online, Mrs Beeton's 150, Silicon Valley's Daily, Cookbook Aps +More

Week 45: The New A&R, Problem Biographies, Scan your Books, Education, Libraroes + More

Week 44: Books in Browsers, Photography, Drivel + More

Week 43: Tom Waits, Children's Books, The Booker, "Close the Libraries", Textbooks & Education + More

Week 42: Frankfurt, CS Forester, Martin Amis + More

Week 41: Frankfurt 2011, Indian Authors, Digital Rights,

Week 40: Scholarly Models, Literary Translations, Library usage Data, Fading Creative Class +More.

Week 39: Robert Harris, Dickens, Cultural Decline (or not), Colm Toibin + More

Week 37: Scholarly Publishing, Project Gutenberg, Literary Festivals, Lawsuits, + More

Week 36: Amazon Digital Library, Piracy, Newspaper Disruption, Private Blackboard + More

Week 35: Distance Learning, Libraries and E-Books, Digital Textbooks + More

Week 34: Content Management Systems, Student Knowledge, Textbook Rentals, Archives + More

Week 33: The Chronicle of Higher Ed on the 10th Anniversary of 9/11

Week 32: Digital Storytelling, Report on Graduate Earning Power, Citation of Wikipedia, Forsyth's Jackal + More

Week 31: Financial resutls: Pearson, Wiley, Wolters Kluwer, Reed Elsevier

Week 30: Arundhati Roy, JSTORE Illegal Downloads, Kaplan's $1.6mm Bill, High Journal Prices, Three Rules of Reviewing + More

Week 29: Library of Congress, Bertelsmann, Michelin Guides, Bookstores, P.G. Wodehouse, Education Funding Report + More

Week 28: Hacking May Cost $100mm, Potter's Last-Not so Fast, Blackboard, Harvard & Social Hot water, Catch22 + More

Week 27: ProPublica's Newspaper Apps, Hemingway, EMI + More

Week 26: Books In Print, Journal Publishing, Joyce, Education and Technology, Area 51 and more.

Week 24: Georgia Copyright Case, Blackboard, HW Wilson, David Mamet's PR Campaign + More

Week 23: Romance or Not, Grief in The Killing, The Value of College, Nordic Crimewave + More

Week 22: Patriot Act, ALA Preview, Revolution Writing + More

Week 21: End of World Edition - An Essay on Privacy, Books & Marketing, Libraries + More

Week 20: Ebooks in the Classroom, Writers Life, Libraries Matter, Bob Marley

Week 19: EBooks on Campus, Jeffrey Archer, LexisNexis Sued, Archiving the Web

Week 18: Higher Ed, Author Promotion, Harper Lee, Libraries + Others.

Week 17: Morrissey, King James, Big Content, Sneering at Genres, Hitch, + More

Week 16: Alberto Vitale, Arab Market eBooks, B2B Magazines.

Week 15: Borders, Indigo

Week 14: Long Distance Learning, OpenSource Textbooks, CCC, Harpercollins

Week 13: Bookclub for the Homeless, Plagiarism or "Creative Reuse", Hollywood, Gallimard, Jean Auel

Week 12: Hay Festival, Reviewers, Heart of Darkness, Alice in NYC,

Week 11: UK Copyright, The Killing, History in the UK.

Week 10: Spy Magazine, Hiaasen, Casino Royale, Curious George and Ryan Giggs

Week 9: Information Concierge, Future of Education Publishing, Blackboard, The $16K/mth Sideline, Blurbs,  Marilyn Monroe

Week 8: Demise of Research Libraries, Online Education, Sir John Soane, Cuban Bookfair

Week 7: Underused eBook features, UK Tuition, Mills&Boone, Coin Art

Week 5: Eadweard Muybridge, Open Courseware, Education Aps, Lexis, Mother Russia, Taschen

Week 4: Changing Higher Ed. Book Awards, Pippi, 007, Forecasting Technology, Michael Lewis

Week 3: UK Libraries, Perceptions of US Libraries, Pearson Acquires, Wolters Kluwer Partner, Libraries in the Cloud

Week 2: ISBN Identification, UK Libraries under threat, Historian Hobsbawm, The Internet and Authors

Week 1: Digital Media Experiments, Murakami, Literary Illusion and Political Correction, Predictions, Cliche

Wednesday, August 31, 2011

Bertelsmann Reports Half Year - Lowers Full Year Estimate

From the company's press release:
  • Group revenues rise to €7.2 billion
  • Operating EBIT high again at €737 million
  • Return on sales continues in double digits at 10.3 percent
  • Group profit improves to €269 million
In the first half of 2011, the international media company Bertelsmann built on the strong results of the previous year and further increased key indicators. For instance, the company increased its revenues and group profit once more and achieved a high level of operating profit again. 
Group revenues from continuing operations increased by 1.9 percent to €7.2 billion after €7.0 billion in the comparable period last year. Excluding portfolio and currency effects, organic growth came to 2.4 percent; all divisions contributed to this. Operating EBIT was €737 million, down only slightly from last year’s record figure of €754 million. Return on sales amounted to 10.3 percent (H1 2010: 10.7 percent), putting it in the double digits once again. The Group profit rose by €23 million or 9.3 percent, to €269 million. This was due primarily to Bertelsmann’s content businesses. A further contributor was a substantially improved financial result that reflects lower interest charges in the wake of successful debt reduction and the discontinuation of negative income effects from the buyback of profit participation certificates in early 2010. The Bertelsmann Value Added (BVA), which measures the profit realized above and beyond the cost of capital, reached €88 million in the first half of 2011 (H1 2010: €82 million).
Comments on Random House
  • Random House profits rise substantially driven by U.S.
  • Triple-digit percentage sales growth in e-books
  • Digital revenue potential strengthened through acquisition of digital media agency Smashing Ideas
The world’s largest trade book publisher significantly increased its operating EBIT in the first half, while recording a slight dip in revenues due to unfavorable exchange-rate effects. Revenues reached €787 million (H1 2010: €791 million) and operating EBIT €69 million (H1 2010: €40 million). The Random House operating EBIT benefited from a strong U.S. performance despite insolvencies and ongoing consolidations in book retail. Overall gains were driven by an outstanding portfolio of titles worldwide, with several million-copy print bestsellers, and the continued rapid growth in e-book sales across all territories. In the U.S., digital sales accounted for more than 20 percent of all revenues. At the reporting date, Random House imprints had more than 27,000 e-books available worldwide. Random House placed 145 titles on the “New York Times” U.S. bestseller lists in the first six months of the year, including the #1 bestselling “Unbroken” by Laura Hillenbrand, and sold nearly four million copies of U.S. author George R.R. Martin’s epic fantasy series “A Song of Ice and Fire.” Random House Group UK increased its year-on-year sales and profits and published more than a quarter of all “Sunday Times” bestsellers. In Germany, Verlagsgruppe Random House improved its revenues and market share in a difficult overall market, and Random House Mondadori also outperformed the market in Spain. During the period under review, Random House, Inc. author Jennifer Egan won a Fiction Pulitzer Prize for “A Visit from the Goon Squad,” and Philip Roth won the Man Booker International Prize.

Tuesday, November 11, 2008

Bertelsmann Reports Higher Net Income

From their press release:

After nine months of the 2008 financial year, Bertelsmann reported a solid business development. The international media company achieved revenues almost at the level of the previous year in its continuing operations. Operating EBIT remained below that of the previous year. EBIT and net profit increased significantly.

Consolidated revenues reached €11.4 billion to the end of third quarter, down 0.7 percent year-on-year (€11.5 billion). Adjusted for portfolio and exchange rate effects, revenues rose by 1.6 percent. After nine months, Operating EBIT reached €926 million (previous year: €1.03 billion). The return on sales amounted to 8.1 percent. EBIT increased to €823 million compared to €692 million in the same period of the previous year, when high special items were incurred. At €387 million, net income almost tripled (previous year: €132 million).

The company also noted that they continue to manage their operations portfolio notably selling their half interest in the SONY/BMG music business and the North American book club business. No detailed discussions about the performance of Random House although in separate news the company announced that Ian Hudson (Deputy CEO of RH UK) has been named to the Bertelsmann supervisory board.

Thursday, August 21, 2008

Bertelsmann Interested in Reed Business

Reuters reports that Bertelsmann's magazine unit Gruner & Jahr maybe in the mix to acquire the RBI unit from Reed Elsevier. Reuters learned of the tip via a German newspaper. In the report, Reuters also notes that indications of interest for the RBI business unit have been received and offers range between £1.0bill and £1.25bill. If correct, this range appears to match Reeds initial expectations for the deal. Reuters expects final bids to be submitted in October. Followers of Bertelsman may recall they have created a sizable fund with some PE companies with the express view to make some large (or one very large) deal. They objective was to be able to participate in the bidding process for these large media deals and not be priced out by pure PE deals. As a case in point they were very interested in the Cengage auction last year and by some accounts came quite close.

Reuters

Thursday, May 08, 2008

Bertelsmann Reports Improved Results

Random House corporate parent Bertelsmann reported improved quarterly operating profit performance and remains optimistic about the remainder of the year. From their press release:
Bertelsmann, the international media company, today reported strong first quarter fiscal 2008 results. First-quarter operating profits (Operating EBIT) were up by 9.6 percent compared with the previous year. Operating EBIT for the period under review amounted to €217 million (Q1/2007: €198 million). These developments were driven by the continuing positive performance of the major core businesses. Group net income improved to €35 million (Q1/2007: €-70 million). Meanwhile, revenues declined by 3.9 percent year-over-year to €4.2 billion. Adjusted for portfolio changes and foreign-exchange effects, revenue decreased 1.7 percent year-over-year. The revenue performance reflected negative foreign-exchange effects due to the Euro’s strength relative to the U.S. dollar and British pound. Revenues were also impacted by declines in sales of physical recordings and revenues at Direct Group in North America. Adjusted for portfolio changes and foreign-exchange effects, Bertelsmann expects a moderate rise in revenues for 2008. The Company expects operating results for 2008 will be on par or slightly above the high levels seen in 2007. Group net income will be well above 2007 due to fewer special items and lower interest expenditure.

The company announced earlier this month that they have hired Morgan Stanley to sell the Direct Business.

Bertelsmann investor presentation reflecting the full year results from all divisions. Here. (RH revenue of $1.8bill and op income $172mm for 2007).

Monday, May 05, 2008

Olson to Leave Random House (+ Middelhoff News)

The NYTimes has confirmed via two executives at Random House corporate owner Bertelsmann that Peter Olson will be leaving his position as CEO of Random House in the next few weeks.

Mr. Olson, who has run Random House, the world’s largest consumer publisher, since 1998, has come under mounting pressure in recent months as Bertelsmann’s financial results have been damaged by lower profits at Random House and steep losses in its American book clubs, which he also oversees.

It was not yet clear who will replace Mr. Olson, although these executives said it would not necessarily be a prominent figure from New York publishing, and maybe not even an American.

Surely not a non-american!

On a related note, Thomas Middelhoff took exception to comments The Economist made in an article on Bertelsmann under incoming CEO Ostrowski. Among them the following:

Perhaps because he has Arvato up his sleeve as a source of future growth, Mr Ostrowski appears to be far less interested in the internet than other media bosses. Losses made by Mr Middelhoff's internet ventures may also contribute to his caution. “I will not put a bet on one or two big internet investments; we must build an online presence organically,”

His rebuttle in the letters to the editor was as follows:

Bertelsmann's performance
SIR – I do not agree with the statements in your recent article (Face value, March 22nd) concerning my term as chief executive of Bertelsmann. The development of the company between 1998 and 2002—ie, the creation of the RTL Group, the acquisition of Random House, etc—have not “strained” Bertelsm€ann's finances in any way. At the time of my retirement its debt amounted to €334m (with revenues of €20 billion). RTL Group today contributes more than 50% towards Bertelsmann's profit.

I also do not agree that my “internet ventures” were costly in general. Selling the company's AOL shares and its 50% stake in AOL Europe and the sale of mediaWays, an internet-service provider, generated a profit of €10 billion.

In the three-and-a-half-years of my leadership Bertelsmann doubled its revenue, tripled its operative profit and quintupled its net equity. Not a bad result compared
with the company's present situation, almost six years after my resignation.

Thomas Middelhoff
Chief executive
Arcandor
Essen, Germany



€10 billion profit isn't too bad now is it?

Tuesday, March 25, 2008

Bertelsmann Is Cautious

The Times Online takes a critical view of Bertelsmann's strategic vision but does note that since they are a family owned business maybe the criticism doesn't matter:
All this is a far cry from the swashbuckling days of Thomas Middelhoff, the Anglophile chief executive who was booted out after thinking that he might persuade the Mohns to float. Mr Middelhoff bought Random House, did the deals that made RTL, now the best business, and made a ridiculous sum, $7 billion, on a half-share of AOL Europe. Now, there is a cosier approach, where keeping the family happy matters too much. Remarkably, there is almost no Asian business and not much internet to talk about, although Hartmut Ostrowski, the new chief executive, talks about changing that. Yet a limited appetite for risk is already being seen in limited rewards, with profits up by only 3.4 per cent last year.

Tuesday, March 18, 2008

Bertelsmann Reports

Media giant Bertelsmann reported their annual results this morning with net income dropping significantly versus 2006 due to the performance of the Direct Media Group. CEO Ostrowski indicated that Bertelsman would concider selling the Direct group and indeed has taken the decision to dispose of the US segment of this business. Globally the unit operates book, DVD and music clubs as well as bookstores and online shops.

Top line revenues at Bertelsmann dropped nearly 3% due to the strong dollar and the sale of their Music publishing business. Total revenues were €18.8bill.

At Random House they noted the following:
  • U.S.: more than 200 titles on New York Times bestseller lists
  • Winner of Pulitzer Prize in four literary categories
  • Record revenues generated by audio book "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows"
  • U.K.: nearly one third of all titles on Sunday Times bestseller lists
  • Germany: level of growth ahead of market (strong paperback book business)

RH revenues of €1,837mm fell 5.6% with organic revenue growth lower by 1.4%. Operating income was €173mm versus €182mm in 2006.

  • At the Direct Group operating income fell from €110mm in 2006 to €10mm. They noted the following
  • Western Europe: book clubs, book retail and Internet combined in several markets (multi-channel), positive stabilization of Club Germany, good earnings in France and Spain
  • Eastern Europe: successful publishing operations
  • North America: remaining shares of Bookspan acquired, result significantly impacted by decline of CD and DVD business
  • Reorganization of operations: Direct Group (except North America) under F. Carro, North America operations under P. Olson

Link to their management discussion. In this document they discuss 'expanding the definition' of their markets so that they can exploit big business opportunities. This is essentially the strategy that the larger information and professional publishing companies have been following for several years. (I discussed this concept in a speech I gave last week).

More from their full press release on Random House:

In the U.S., Random House published a record 230 New York Times bestsellers, including “Playing for Pizza” by John Grisham; “On Chesil Beach” by Ian McEwan; “Clapton” by Eric Clapton; “Giving” by Bill Clinton and Suze Orman’s “Women & Money”. Among other major bestsellers were the movie tie-in editions of “No Country for Old Men” by Cormac McCarthy, Robert Ludlum’s “The Bourne Ultimatum”; “The Golden Compass” by Philip Pullman and Ian McEwan’s “Atonement.” The Grammy-winning audio edition of “Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows” by J. K. Rowling became the fastest-selling audiobook of all time. In the U.K., Random House Group U.K. outperformed all other publishers in the Sunday Times bestseller lists, accounting for nearly one-third of the year’s overall rankings. “Nigella Express” by Nigella Lawson has sold over one million copies in its hardcover edition. The Group acquired a majority stake in Virgin Books and established several new publishing ventures, such as Transworld Ireland, which is dedicated to Irish authors. In Germany, Verlagsgruppe Random House recorded significant growth in revenues and earnings, which were driven by the success of bestsellers by authors such as Leonie Swann, Dieter Hildebrandt and Eva-Maria Zurhorst, as well as its paperback program and its self-help and religion publishing. In Spain, “La Catedral del Mar” by Ildefonso Falcones, published by Random House Mondadori, continued to enjoy excellent sales. Random House expanded its online marketing capabilities in 2007, launching digital platforms with book-content search-and-browsing capabilities in the U.S., Canada, and Germany. Random House authors won many prestigious awards around the world in 2007: Doris Lessing, published by Random House in Germany and Spain, won the Nobel Prize for Literature, and Al Gore, who publishes with Random House in Germany, Japan, and Korea, received the Nobel Peace Prize. Four Random House, Inc. titles won Pulitzer Prizes, a record for a single year.

Thursday, December 20, 2007

HarperRandomCollins or RandomHarperCollinsHouse

Well why not? If Forbes and CNN Money have the same short note suggesting that Bertelsmann is going to buy Harpercollins for a $1.obillion then why not Personanondata? On the suggested deal itself, I am sure Hachette would have something to say about that. Or any media PE oriented group. Maybe CBS would carve off S&S for a combo with Harpercollins. Even the FTC would weigh in once all the booksellers reacted. Anyway, Harpercollins denies any discussions are taking place: But they would wouldn't they. Reuters.

This could make for an interesting new year. With Harpercollins' recent financial performance not comparing well with their own high standard and News Corp's expensive purchase of Dow Jones perhaps there is something to this. On the other hand, Bertelsmann already have a $1billion trade publisher and strategically would they want to invest a $1.obillion in a business with slow (if any) revenue growth and low margins. A better solution, would be to invest in an information business that in the right segment would see fast revenue growth and margins greater than 20%. We will see.

On a related note, Bertelsmann confirmed again that they have no intention of sell Gruner + Jahr. Bloomberg.

Thursday, December 13, 2007

Sony BMG: Demerge?

The European Court of Justice could be on the cusp of upholding a lower court ruling that the 2004 merger between Sony Music Group and BMG should have been rejected. Guardian
"The Court of First Instance rightly held that there had been a failure to state reasons and a manifest error of appraisal in the Commission's decision", said Juliane Kokott of Germany, an advocate general for the European Court of Justice.
There is no date set for the ruling by the court. It follows the advice of its advocate general in a majority of cases.
The merger has actually gained approval twice - Sony-BMG returned a second time and won approval again last October - and this ruling effects the first approval. It is unclear whether the Court will have any say over the subsequent 10/07 approval but the plaintiff (Impala) may decide to appeal this second ruling as well. Aside from taking up significant legal time and expense the impact of this process has not been felt on the business. It is unknown what potential remedies would be required if the merger is ruled uncompetitive and not in consumers interests.

The impact on the European competition commission maybe more profound since the court is likely to question the process and objectivity of the commission in evaluating mergers. The lower court noted that significant issues were raised by the commission in the early stages of their review but they approved the merger anyway and left unresolved some of the key issues they themselves had raised. Perhaps the court will request specific changes in the operations of the commission to ensure that this situation is not repeated although these requests are unlikely to be binding. The role of the commission is to uphold consumers interests but it is also to help ensure that deals like these don't end up in court.

Thursday, March 22, 2007

Bertelsmann Speculation (Deuce)

No sooner was the press conference over that announced the launch of an equity fund than speculation resumed over an purchase of Thomson Learning by Bertelsmann. No news from the company naturally. Reuters. Stay tuned.

Fund
Speculation

Wednesday, March 21, 2007

Bertelsmann Teaming with Private Equity

The FT (via MSN) is reporting that Bertelsmann, the owner of Random House and RTL, is teaming up with private equity groups to create a €1billion fund for investments in "opportunities of significant scale" in media related businesses. Bertelsmann will initially contribute €500m. From the article,
Bertelsmann said the initiative would allow it to take minority stakes in businesses and decide after three to five years, when its partners are seeking an exit, whether to take full control. The initiative comes just 10 months after the Mohn family, which controls the group, engineered the buyout of Groupe Bruxelles Lambert, its only external shareholder. The deal increased Bertelsmann's debt by €4.5bn to €6.8bn and lowered expectations that one of Europe's most conservative media groups would be able to take on any large deals in the short term.

Analysts also state that the low cost of capital and the readily available funds that PE has access to poses a significant advantage for the banks versus operators. (This may be the case with Wolters Klewer Education). In this case they suggest that the fund would easily finance acquisitions up to five times the funds value. Clearly this is a shrewd move by Bertelsmann. Rather than watch PE pick-up some potentially prize assets out of sheer financial muscle they are choosing to join in with the bankers and see how it plays out.

Tuesday, February 27, 2007

Rumor Mill and Thomson Learning

An interesting search string appeared in my site stats a few days ago: "Bertelsmann and Thomson Learning." What could that mean - if anything? Bertelsmann's foray into educational publishing could be quite interesting and given their achievements in the US with Random House it would be something that the other educational publishers would want to monitor closely. The company doesn't have quite the cash cushion that they had before they were forced to buy out a minor partner last year; however, it seems highly unlikely that if they wanted to make a purchase of this size that they wouldn't be able to find ready suppliers of financing. They recently restructured some of their debt to reduce interest payments and had little difficulty with the offering.

It is all speculation and you have to believe the betting is on pure Private Equity. Bertelsmann is a diversified media company but clearly not adverse to paper based publishing operations and in this case they may be especially interested in the electronic revenue potential that Thomson Learning could offer. Wait and see.

Wednesday, March 24, 1999

3/24/99: ReedElsevier, Bertelsmann, Barnes Noble,

Publishing News: March 24th, 1999
Mercer Study on Single Copy Sales
Reed Elsevier Profit Forecast Disappoints
Martin Maleska, Rejoins Veronis, Suhler
Bertelsmann Havas Deal is Off.
AAP: 1998 Book Sales Exceed $23Bill
US Book Store Sales: $13Bill
Amazon on Drugs
Golden Reprieve
Barnes & Noble Sales: $3Bill

Mercer Study on Single Copy Sales
Mercer Consulting recently announced preliminary findings from a study commissioned by the Magazine Publishers Association (www.magazine.org) . The study was a review of the single copy magazine channel and the potential role of scan-based trading in the retail market. The objective of the study was to determine the best way for the industry to take positive, concerted action to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the single copy channel for all trading partners, and address the future role of scan-based trading. During the first phase, Mercer worked with retailers, wholesalers, national distributors, publishers and other industry players to identify opportunities for performance improvement in the retail sales of magazines. Mercer identified potential rewards equivalent to as much as $420 million per year or ten percent of retail sales based on their input, as well as lessons from other industries, and economic modeling of the supply chain. In support of the above, the MPA has adopted a set of cooperative standards and practices named COSMAR which will require changes and new approaches on the part of all trading partners: publishers, distributors and retailers. Mercer and the MPA will look to prototype their recommendations over the next few months.

Reed Elsevier Profit Forecast Disappoints
They don’t have a CEO, their merger with Wolters Kluwer failed and now profits announced for 1998 were 6% below last year and projected earnings for 1999 will be flat. Pre-tax profits fell to $1.26 billion in 1998 and these results were in line with the six percent drop the company forecast in December. Sterling's strength and Reed's heavy investment in adapting its core hard-copy publications for the Internet age were given as reasons for the poor results. Sales were $5.5Billion for 1998. This lack of strong growth, combined with a lack of news on Reed's search for a new chief executive, delivered a double blow to its shares, which fell sharply in London and Amsterdam, despite strong overall gains by both stock markets. The company did say that discussions with a candidate were in an advanced state however it is now two weeks after this announcement and they still have not made an announcement. Out going CEO, Nigel Stapleton declined to comment on how soon Reed will announce the results of its search, which was unveiled seven months ago. Other items of note; Reed spent an additional 15 million pounds on major initiatives in electronic publishing last year, taking the total to 80 million. The company posted ``pure'' Internet revenues of 10 million pounds, a 50 percent increase year on year.

Martin Maleska, Rejoins Veronis, Suhler
Veronis, Suhler & Associates announced that Martin E. Maleska, a senior publishing executive and investment banker who most recently served as President of Simon & Schuster's International and Business & Professional Group, has rejoined the firm as Advisor Managing Director. Mr. Maleska will be involved in all aspects of the firm's merchant banking activities which include investment banking and its private equity funds. The return to Veronis, Suhler is a homecoming for Mr. Maleska, who was a managing director at the firm from 1991-1995, concentrating on magazine, newspaper and book publishing transactions.

Bertelsmann Havas Deal is Off.
The proposed merger between Bertelsmann and Havas’s professional publishing operations is off. Apparently, neither side would concede to the other in terms of who’s operation was bigger. The companies continue to maintain close relations in French book clubs and online book retailing.

AAP: 1998 Book Sales Exceed $23Bill
The American Association of Publishers recently released their preliminary sales numbers for 1998. According the AAP numbers, retail book sales reached $23Bill. Give the last five years of declines or mediocre sales gains this was a remarkable sales increase of 6% over 1997. The biggest sales gains occurred in Adult paperback (+10%), Juvenile paperback (14%), and ElHi Texts (10%). In contrast to prior years, there were no categories which showed declining year on year sales.

US Book Store Sales: $13Bill
Bookstores sales reported in Publishers Weekly rose 2.6% to over $13Bill. Store sales measured against retail sales generally were only half the experienced gain for the sector.

Amazon on Drugs
Amazon.com purchased a 40% interest in the online drugstore, drugstore.com. Amazon made the investment a number of months ago and it recently came to light due to drugstore’s launch. Jeff Bezos, Amazon CEO declined to comment on other internet related investments Amazon may have made. Amazon appears to be actively proving the ‘mall’ internet business model.

Golden Reprieve
Golden Books, the beleaguered Children’s Book publisher where Richard Synder went to re-create Simon & Schuster, reached an accord with it’s Bankers on restructuring plan. Essentially, the deal recapitalizes the company with a loan from CIT group. Current management, which has been in turmoil over the past 12 months, will remain in place. Rumors at the end of last year had Disney purchasing Golden Books however nothing came of this. Golden holds long term licenses on a number of Disney characters.

Barnes & Noble Sales: $3Bill
Barnes & Noble sales hit $3Bill in fiscal 1999. Sales increased 8% over last year and sales from superstores accounted for 84% of total sales. Internet sales at barnesandnoble.com increased to $70.2MM. B&N reports that they will add up to 50 new superstores during 1999 however the company’s fiscal 2000 earnings forecast was low which helped reduce the stock price by $5 last week. Let’s not forget that Amazon is on a yearly run rate of $1Bill – what’s with the bricks and mortar?

Tuesday, February 16, 1999

2/16/99: ReedElsevier, Harpercollins, Bertelsmann,

Publishing News: 2/16/99
Newcomb leads race for Reed Elsevier CEO
Children's Television Workshop Signs Agreement Random House Inc.
Tina Brown’s Talk Magazine
Trinity opens due diligence on Mirror
HarperCollins Announces Plans to Acquire the Ecco Press
Bertelsmann expects JV with Havas in 2 weeks time
Coopers & Lybrand pays $5.4MM in Maxwell case

Newcomb leads race for Reed Elsevier CEO
Don’t be surprised to see ex Simon & Schuster CEO Jon Newcomb made Chairman and CEO of UK/Dutch publishing giant Reed Elsevier. Industry sources peg him as the leading candidate for the job which has essentially been vacant for five months.

Children's Television Workshop Signs Agreement Random House Inc.
Children's Television Workshop (CTW), the multimedia educational company that created "Sesame Street," has agreed a long-term development agreement with Random House Inc. CTW has also agreed to pursue television production initiatives with Random House, whose parent company Bertelsmann AG has extensive broadcast channel and programming holdings in Europe. As of July 1, the Random House Children's Media Group will build on its long-term relationship with CTW and "Sesame Street" books by adding new formats such as storybooks, color and activity books, and workbooks for publication and distribution in the United States and Canadian markets. By further expanding and combining its own 30-year-old publishing program with Random House to include these new formats, CTW will be able to create a more visible and synergistic presence at retail for its books as well as a stronger, more broadly integrated publishing program. Both companies will explore developing books from CTW television properties other than "Sesame Street" and creating television programming based on book properties whose dramatic rights are held by Random House Children's Media Group
Source: Businesswire 2/11/99

Tina Brown’s Talk Magazine
Miramax Films and Hearst Magazines announced today that they have entered into a joint-venture agreement to publish Talk, a new general interest monthly magazine edited by Tina Brown. The magazine will debut in August with the September, 1999 edition. Under the terms of the agreement, Hearst Magazines, the world's largest publisher of monthly magazines, will take a 50 percent joint-ownership stake in Talk magazine and assume certain management responsibilities including circulation and manufacturing management, as well as newsstand distribution and subscription fulfillment through its subsidiaries Hearst Distribution Group, Inc. and Communications Data Services. Miramax's Talk Media will be responsible for editorial content, advertising sales and marketing. Talk magazine, which will premiere with a circulation of 500,000, will be a provocative and topical publication offering commentary, criticism, reporting, opinion and profiles. In July of last year, Miramax Films established Talk Media in conjunction with Tina Brown and Ron Galotti to publish Talk magazine, produce television programming and publish books.
Source Businesswire 2/11/99

Trinity opens due diligence on Mirror
TRINITY, the UK's largest regional newspaper group, has begun due diligence at the Mirror Group in preparation for a second assault on the embattled newspaper company later this month. The news comes only days after it emerged that Regional Independent Media, publisher of the Yorkshire Post, was likely to revise its £913 million cash offer for the Mirror over the next few weeks. However, many believe the new bid will not be much higher than the 200p a share already offered. It is understood that over the past two days Trinity has been given access to a "data room" containing commercially sensitive information about the Mirror, whose national newspaper titles include The Mirror and The People. Trinity is believed to have seen the commercial data for only 24 hours, and has already requested more detailed information. However, Trinity is not expected to make a bid for the Mirror immediately, because it feels it needs to look further into the finances of the company. Those close to the situation believe a bid is more likely over the next few weeks. The bidding battle for the Mirror has already resulted in a bloody boardroom coup at the company, which saw the dramatic resignation of David Montgomery as its chief executive last month.
Source: Financial Times 2/15/99

HarperCollins Announces Plans to Acquire the Ecco Press
Jane Friedman, President and CEO of HarperCollins Publishers today announced that HarperCollins will purchase The Ecco Press, one of the country's most prestigious literary publishers. The acquisition will become effective as of July 1. The Ecco list includes such critically acclaimed authors as John Ashbery, Paul Bowles, Italo Calvino, Gerald Early, Richard Ford, Louise Gluck, Robert Hass, Zbigniew Herbert, Bobbi Ann Mason, Cormac McCarthy, Nobel Laureate Czeslaw Milosz, Joyce Carol Oates, and Tobias Wolff. In addition, Halpern will publish his first books with HarperCollins starting in January, 2000.
Source: Businesswire 2/16/99

Bertelsmann expects JV with Havas in 2 weeks time
German media giant Bertelsmann AG expects to complete a joint venture deal on specialist publishing with France's Havas within the next two weeks. A spokesman for Bertelsmann's specialist publishing unit said the deal entailed a 50-50 joint venture with the aim of making international acquisitions together. In a related issue, the spokesman also said that Bertelsmann's takeover of the Springer scientific publishing house had been approved by the European Union cartel authorities. The acquisition increases the value of Bertelsmann's trade publishing activities to 1.5 billion marks ($859.6 million) from 625 million marks
Source: Reuters 2/16/99

Coopers & Lybrand pays $5.4MM in Maxwell case
Coopers & Lybrand has paid fines and costs of $5.4MM for failings in its role as auditor of most of the companies controlled by the late Robert Maxwell, a British accounting watchdog said on this week. Maxwell died in November 1991 (fell off his boat), leaving behind a business empire riddled with debts and huge holes in the pension funds of his companies, including Mirror Group Newspapers which Maxwell owned at the time.
Source: Reuters 2/16/99

Wednesday, October 15, 1997

10/15/97: ReedElsevier, Bertelsmann, Readers Digest, WoltersKluwer,

Summary:
Reed Elsevier to Acquire Wolters Kluwe
Bertelsmann Reports Earnings
Yet Another Afternoon Newspaper Bites the Dust
Readers Digest Problems Continue
L.A. Daily News on the Selling Block
NYT Sells More Magazines
Britannica Online to Offer Free Content
International Data Corporation Reports Exploding Internet Activity
Breakthrough Will Bring Internet to The Home via Power Wires
School text books
Recent News:

Reed Elsevier to Acquire Wolters Kluwer
Reed and Wolters Kluwer announced Tuesday that they would merge creating an $8.1Bill global publisher concentrating on professional and trade journal publishing. Reed owns Lexis-Nexis, Reed Travel Group (including OAG) and is the largest worldwide publisher of academic journals. Wolters Kluwer dominates legal and tax publishing in Europe and is based in the Netherlands. In 1996 Reed Elsevier reported sales and income of $5.42Bill and $1.2Bill and Wolters Kluwer reported sales and net income of $2.7Bill and $429MM. Analysts suggest the combined company will be in a strong position to share the costs of moving to electronic publishing away from paper.

Bertelsmann Reports Earnings:
Sales increased year on year to $12.8Bill (4.2% increase) and net income was $582MM. Bertelsmann is the third of the large media firms after Time Warner and Disney but is much less geared - debt represents less that 5% of turnover versus TM and Disney of 97% and 62% respectively. Books (WW) constituted $4.1Bill in sales and were the second largest group after Music. Of this amount the US represented (only) $1Bill in sales. According to reports Bertelsmann is actively looking for a publishing acquisition in the US. (A number of companies have been mentioned and John Wileys chairman recently sent an internal memo to employees stating that Wiley was definitely not for sale). Due to their deal with AOL, Bertelsmann are the European on-line leader - they have a 50-50 partnership with AOL.

Yet Another Afternoon Newspaper Bites the Dust:
E.W. Scripps recently announced that it has been forced to discontinue a local afternoon newspaper The El Paso Herald-Post due to rapidly decreasing sales. Scripps publishes the Herald-Post, whose last edition goes out Saturday, in cooperation with Gannett Co., which owns the related daily The El Paso Times, and leads promotion and distribution for both newspapers. The El Paso Times will not be affected by this decision.
Cowles Business Media: MediaCentral 10/7/97

Readers Digest Problems Continue:
The Reader's Digest Association Inc. recently said that it expects to report a loss of $.05 to $.10 per share for its fiscal 1998 first quarter ended Sept. 30, lower than analysts' estimates. Reader's Digest also expects lower than expected revenues. The publisher cited lower than anticipated expected response to promotional mailings in most major markets. The financial report, to be released on Oct. 29, will include non-recurring charges of approximately $70 million. In the fourth quarter ended June 19, the company reported a net loss of $22.8 million or $.22 per share.
Cowles Business Media: MediaCentral 10/7/97

L.A. Daily News on the Selling Block:
Reuters reported that the merger and acquisition firm Dirks, Van Essen & Associates of Santa Fe, NM, has been retained to handle the sale of The Los Angeles Daily News which was acquired in 1985 for $176 million from the Tribune Co. Observers expect the sale can fetch as much as $200 million to $250 million.

The daily has a circulation of 203,000 weekdays and 218,000 on Sundays. Prospective buyers include Rupert Murdoch's News Corp., Denver Post parent MediaNews Group, Orange County Register parent Freedom Communications and Toronto-based publisher Thomson Corp.
Cowles Business Media: MediaDaily 10/6/97

NYT Sells More Magazines:
The New York Times Co. will sell six sports magazines to Miller Publishing. The titles involved are Tennis, Tennis Buyer's Guide, Cruising World, Sailing World, Snow Country and Snow Country Business. The transaction is expected to be completed by year end. The Los Angeles-based purchaser is a partnership between private equity investment firm of Freeman Spogli & Co. Inc. and Robert L. Miller, the group's president and a former Time Inc. executive.

On-line/New Media News:

Britannica Online to Offer Free Content
Encyclopedia Britannica Inc., whose core online product is subscription-based Web service Britannica Online, launched the latest in its series of Spotlights, its free quarterly Web sites dedicated to a particular, timely topic. In honor of the Nobel awards this month, the Nobel Prize Web site http://www.nobel.eb.com) illuminates in text and multimedia clips of past winners and the innovations and efforts singled out to receive the world's most prestigious awards.

Through the free in-depth coverage of historical and current issues, EB hopes to lure subscribers to Britannica Online (http://www.eb.com), which presently claims 10,000 users. The big deterrent, company research found, was the relatively high cost for Web-based material, for which until just weeks ago an annual subscription cost $150 or $12.50 per month. In response on On Sept. 15, the service slashed its prices to $8.50 per month and has seen subscription rates rise by 10%.
Cowles Business Media: MediaCentral 10/7/97

International Data Corporation Reports Exploding Internet Activity:
Research presented at the recent Internet 98 Conference in Burlingame, Calif. by IDC, a Framingham, Mass. Based market research firm, indicates there are currently 53.2MM Internet users worldwide with 44.2MM of those using the World Wide Web. (About 9MM people use e-mail but not the Web.)

At the current rate of growth, IDC projects that there will be 60MM Internet users and 50MM World Wide Web users by Dec. 31 which represents an increase of more than 26MM Internet users and 22.4MM World Wide Web users since 1996.

According to the study more than $10Bil in goods and services are expected to be purchased on the WWW by the end of 1997. IDC estimated that 2/3 of this amount was generated by corporations using the Internet as an effective method for ordering and paying for products and services. (Companies like Cisco Systems and GE use the internet extensively for this purpose). There may be close to 1MM Internet transactions occurring each day on the Internet. (www.idc.com for more information).

Breakthrough Will Bring Internet to The Home via Power Wires:
The London Times reported recently that two companies, Northern Telecom and Norweb Communications, have found the "holy grail" of telecommunications ­ the ability to send vast amounts of data along power lines without its being distorted by interference. In future, every home in the country (UK) could be connected to the Internet in this way, providing increasing competition for telephone companies, especially BT.

Norweb intends to offer a commercial trial to 2,000 homes in the North West next spring. The two companies said yesterday that their service could offer an Internet connection 20 to 30 times faster than commonly available through today's telephone modems and that the cost would be lower by up to 50 per cent.

BT said last night it did not believe its business would be effected. Strong content, BT said, was the key to success on the Internet.

Did You Know....

Texas, facing the potential cost of $1.6Bill for school text books over the next six years is reviewing the possibility of buying laptop computers with CD ROM drives as an alternative to printed texts. The cost of acquiring texts for the 2000-2001 (two year period) is expected to roughly double what the cost was for 1996-1997 ($360MM vs. $600MM). Trials are currently underway in some MA school districts using computers rather than texts and information via inter/intranet is transmitted to each laptop via infra-red nodes in the ceiling of each classroom. Naturally, the computers are designed to be pretty hardy.